This book reviews and evaluates the academic literature as well as some popular investment books on the possible existence of speculative bubbles in the stock market. The main question is whether there is convincing empirical evidence that bubbles exist. A second question is whether the theoretical concepts that have been advanced for bubbles make them plausible.
A study of the impact of Covid‐19 on downside stock market risk in the G‐20 nations using Value‐at‐Risk models suggests that the market volatility was higher during the pandemic than during other periods of market turmoil.
With the launch of the S&P Global Carbon Efficient Index Series in 2018, S&P DJI introduced the S&P Carbon Global Standard, a proprietary carbon classification system that assigns carbon deciles to companies within their respective industry groups. The framework uses carbon-to-revenue footprint (carbon intensity) for companies in the S&P Global LargeMidCap to determine carbon decile thresholds for each industry group and defines companies’ carbon deciles according to these thresholds.
The new asset class "digital assets", which includes Bitcoin and Ethereum, is one of the most exciting and fundamental developments in global financial markets since centralised electronic marketplaces. In fact, we will argue that they could be the greatest synergistic force in history, developed just in time to be ready for unprecedented monetary and fiscal interventions in the year 2020 and beyond.
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